Vocative Case
The vocative case has the same ending as the nominative case:
- ās-stem: -ās (singular); -ae (plural).
- ēs-stem: -ēs (singular); -ae (plural).
- ēs-stem: -ēs (singular); -ae (plural).
Locative Case
The locative case ends in -ae/-is (same as the dative case), and only applies to places.
Duality of ē-stem nouns
As mentioned earlier, many ē-stem nouns eventually became first declension ă-stem nouns. For example, the Greek word γραμματική (grammatikē) became grammatica in Latin (k also becomes c in Latin).